Skip to main content

Adverse effects of tetracycline

ADVERSE EFFECTS OF TETRACYCLINE



  • Dose related toxicity
  • Irritative effects
  • Superinfection
  • Hypersensitivity
Mnemonics to Remember adverse effects of tetracycline


(DISH) -Dose related toxicity, Irritative effects, superinfections and Hypersensitivity. 


1) Dose related toxicity: 

a) kidney damage- 
It is prominent only in the patient with pre- existing kidney disease. All tetracycline except 

Doxycline accumulate and enhance renal failure.

b)  Teeth and bones-
Tetracycline having chelating property. 
Calcium- tetracycline chelates get deposited in developing teeth and bones.When  given from mid pregnancy to 5 months of extrauterine life, the deciduous teeth are affected (brown discolouration, ill formed teeth, more susceptible to caries. Tetracycline given between 3 months and 6 years of age affect the crown of permanent anterior dentition. 

Given during late pregnancy or childhood, tetracycline can cause temporary suppression of bone growth. 

c) phototoxicity-

A sunburn like or other severe skin reaction on exposed part is seen in some individuals. Distortion of nails occurs occasionally. 

d) vestibular toxicity-

Minocycline produces vertigo , ataxia, nystagmus. 

e) Antianabolic effect

Tetracycline reduce protein synthesis and have an overall catabolic effect. 

f) liver damage

Fatty infiltration of liver and jaundice occurs occasionally. Tetracycline are risky in pregnant women, can precipitate acute hepatic necrosis. 

g)  Increased intracranial pressure

It is noticed in some infants. 

h) Diabetes insipidus 

Demeclocycline antagonize ADH action and reduce urine concentrating ability of the kidney. 

2 )Irritative effects: 

Tetracycline can cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, epigastric pain and esophageal ulceration. 
i. m injection of tetracycline is very painful and thrombophelebitis occurs on i. v injection. 

3) superinfection: 

Tetracycline is mostly responsible for superinfection. Superinfection caused by candida albicans is most prominent. 

4) Hypersensitivity: 

This is infrequent with tetracycline. Rashes, urticaria, glossitis, pruritus and exfoliative dermatitis are seen. angioedema and anaphylaxis are rare. 
Labels:

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Bleaching / Teeth whitening/ Bleaching discoloured teeth

 Bleaching / Teeth whitening/ Bleaching discoloured teeth Cosmetic dentistry has become an integral part of restorative dental practice.  It is generally perceived that whiter teeth enhance the beauty of a person's smile.  Etiology of Tooth discolouration- What is teeth discolouration??  TOOTH DISCOLOURATION - It refers to change in the colour or translucency of a tooth due to extrinsic or intrinsic factors.  Extrinsic discolouration- These include strains that are deposited on the external surface of the tooth.  Frequent intake of coffee, tea, red wine, carrot, oranges, etc can stain the teeth.  Poor oral hygiene and chronic smoking are also frequent causes of extrinsic factor.  Another common cause of extrinsic factor include chromogenic bacteria and prolonged use of mouthrinses containing chlorehexidine.  Intrinsic discolouration- These occurs because of stains incorporated within the tooth structure due to various reasons- 1) Intrapulpal ...
8 comments
Read more

Complications in oral surgery

 Complications in oral surgery INTRODUCTION Oral surgical procedures can be compli cated by various untoward incidents d uring the surgery or in the recovery phase. The best way in the management o f complications is prevention. CLASSIFICATION The complications can be classified as follows- 1. Intra-operative complications- a) Local complications b) Systemic complications. 2. Post-operative complications- a) Immediate Local complications Systemic complications. b) Delayed Local complications Systemic complications. Intra-operative complications a) Haemorrhage.  b) Nerve injury.  c) Oro-antral perforation and fistula formation.  d) Oro-nasal fistula.  e) Fracture of the bone or tooth.  f) TMJ dislocation.  g) Displacement of tooth into spaces.  h)Fracture of maxillary tuberosity.  i) Damage to the adjoining dental structures.  j) Angio-neurotic oedema.  k) Emphysema Post-operative complications a)Infec...
4 comments
Read more
                          VITAMIN B 12  It is also known as Anti-pernicious anemia vitamin.  It is a unique vitamin synthesized by only microorganisms and not by animals and plants.  CHEMISTRY- The empirical formula of vitamin B12( cyanocobalamin) is  C63H90N14O14PCo.  The structure of vitamin B12 consist of corrin ring with a central cobalt atom.  There are 2 coenzyme forms of vitamin B12 a) Methyl cobalamin In which cyanide is replaced by methyl group.  b) 5-Deoxyadenosyl cobalamin- Cyanide is replaced by 5 deoxyadenosine forming an unusual carbon cobalt bond.   ABSORPTION, TRANSPORT AND STORAGE- The vitamin B12 is present in the diet in a bound form to proteins. B12 is liberated by the enzymes ( acid hydrolases) in the stomach. The dietary source of B12 is known as extrinsic factor of castle. The stomach secretes a special protein called intrinsic factor (IF). The cobalamin ...
Post a Comment
Read more