Adverse effects of Cephalosporin

ADVERSE EFFECTS OF CEPHALOSPORIN

Cephalosporin are more toxic than penicillin.

a) Hypersensitivity reactions:

Hypersensitivity reactions caused by cephalosporin are similar to penicillin but incidence is lower.
Rashes are common.
Angioedema, asthma, anaphylaxis, urticaria also occurs.

Cross reactivity is seen in 10% of patients allergic to penicillin.

b) pain :

Pain after i. m injection and thrombophelebitis occurs on i. v injection.

c) Bleeding:

Occurs due to hypoprothrombinaemia in cancer patients and in renal failure.

d) A disfuliram like interaction with alcohol has been reported with cefoperazone.

e) Nephrotoxicity:

Nephrotoxicity is highest due to concurrent administration of aminoglycosides and pre existing renal diseases.

f) Neutropenia and thrombocytopenia:

are rare adverse effects reported with ceftazidime and others.

g) Diarrhoea:

Occurs due to alteration of gut ecology more common with oral cephradine and parenteral cefoperazone.

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